Nthawi zambiri, ngati kubalako kumagwiritsidwa ntchito moyenera, itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito mpaka moyo wotopa ufike. Komabe, pakhoza kuwonongeka mwangozi msanga, ndipo sangathe kulimbana ndi ntchito. Kuwonongeka koyambirira kwamtunduwu, mosiyana ndi moyo wotopa, ndiye malire ogwiritsa ntchito bwino omwe amatchedwa kulephera kapena ngozi. Zimayambitsidwa chifukwa chokhazikitsa mosasamala, kugwiritsa ntchito, ndi mafuta, zinthu zakunja zomwe zimalowetsedwa kuchokera kunja, komanso kafukufuku wosakwanira pazokhudza matenthedwe ndi masheya.
Ponena za kuwonongeka kwa katundu, monga: kupanikizana kwa mphete ndi nthiti yonyamula, zifukwa zikhoza kuganiziridwa: mafuta osakwanira, kusagwirizana, zolakwika zamafuta ndi ngalande, kulowererapo kwina, kukhazikitsa cholakwika, shaft kupotoka Ngati nyimbo ndi yayikulu kwambiri, zifukwa izi zidzaphatikizana.
Chifukwa chake, ndizovuta kudziwa chomwe chimayambitsa zovutazi pongofufuza zomwe zawonongeka. Komabe, ngati mukudziwa makina omwe agwiritsidwa ntchito, momwe amagwiritsidwira ntchito, kapangidwe kake kozungulira, momwe ngozi isanachitike komanso itachitika, kuphatikiza kuwonongeka kwa mayendedwe ndi zifukwa zingapo, mutha kupewa ngozi zofananazo kuti zisadzachitikenso.
a. Kukula kwa malo amkati ndi akunja kuyenera kufanana, ndipo kufanana pakati pa mbali ziwiri za spacer sikuyenera kupitirira 0.002mm.
b. Zimbalangondo ziyenera kusankhidwa. Makulidwe amkati amkati ndi kusiyanasiyana kwakunja kwa gulu lililonse la zimbalangondo ziyenera kukhala pakati pa 0.002 mm ndi 0.003 mm, ndipo ziyenera kusungidwa pakati pa 0.004 mm ndi 0.008 mm ndi dzenje lanyumba komanso pakati pa 0.0025 mm ndi 0.005 mm ndi magaziniyo. Pakukhazikitsa kwenikweni, ndibwino kuti mugwirizane ndi chala chachikulu cha manja onse awiri.
c. Kuzungulira kwa dzenje lonyamula komanso magaziniyo, kulumikizana mozungulira kumapeto onse a dzenje lanyumba, komanso mayendedwe oyendetsa bwino a magaziniyo sayenera kupitirira 0.003mm.
d. Maonekedwe omalizira azigawo zomwe zimalumikizana ndi nkhope zakumapeto kwa mphetezo azikhala ndi utoto kuti ziwunikidwe, ndipo malo olumikizirana sayenera kukhala ochepera 80%.
e. Ziyenera kukhazikitsidwa molunjika. Ndiye kuti, malo okwera kwambiri othamangitsa onse okhala ndi mphete zamkati amalumikizana ndi malo otsika kwambiri a masamba othamanga, ndipo malo othamanga kwambiri okhala ndi mphete yakunja ayenera kukhala molunjika akaikidwa mdzenje lanyumba.
Pakhoza kukhala zinthu zambiri zomwe zimakhudza moyo wautumiki wa mayendedwe oyenda, omwe atha kufotokozedwanso pazomwe amagwiritsa ntchito komanso zinthu zamkati.
Chogwiritsira ntchito makamaka chimatanthawuza ngati kusintha kosinthira, kugwiritsa ntchito ndikukonzanso, kukonza ndikukonzanso kukukwaniritsa zofunikira zaukadaulo. Malinga ndi zofunikira zaukazitape woyika, kugwiritsa ntchito, kukonza ndi kukonza, katundu, liwiro, kutentha kwa ntchito, kugwedera, phokoso ndi kondedwe wazomwe zimayang'aniridwa zimayang'aniridwa ndikuyang'aniridwa. Ngati zachilendo zapezeka, chifukwa chake chimapezeka nthawi yomweyo ndikusinthidwa kuti chibwerere mwakale. Kukhazikitsa kwake ndichimodzi mwazinthu zofunikira pazogwiritsira ntchito. Chimbalangondo nthawi zambiri chimayambitsidwa ndi kukhazikitsa kosayenera, komwe kumapangitsa kuti magawo aziphuphu asinthe. Zonyamulirazo zimayenda modzidzimutsa ndipo zimathera nthawi yayitali pantchito yake.
Gulu lalikulu kapena laling'ono lomwe likugwiritsidwa ntchito mukakhazikitsa chovalacho lidzakhudza magwiridwe antchito ndi moyo wa chimbalangacho, komanso kuwononga chonyamulacho. M'munsimu muli malangizo anayi omwe akuyenera kusamaliridwa pakugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu.
1. Mphamvu yogwiritsidwa ntchito iyenera kukhala yokhazikika komanso yunifolomu, yopanda tanthauzo. Izi zimafuna kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta kapena zida zomwe zingagwiritse ntchito mphamvu yokoka kapena kukakamiza. Ngati kupopera nyundo kuli kofunika kwenikweni, kuyenera kudutsa pamanja lamkuwa lamkuwa. Chitsulo chogwera chimasokonezedwa, ndipo mphamvu yake ndiyofatsa momwe angathere. Ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito ndodo yamkuwa kapena nyundo yamkuwa popopera.
2. Kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu kuyenera kupitilira mpaka ntchitoyo ithe. Mwachitsanzo, chonyamuliracho chikayikidwa, kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu kuyenera kuyimitsidwa pomwe chonyamulacho chingoikidwa pamalo oyenera kuti zitsimikizire kuti nkhope yomaliza ya mpheteyo (washer) ikutsutsana ndi dzenje la mpando kapena nkhope yomaliza ya shaft phewa, ndipo sungafinyidwe. Ndiwothina kwambiri kuti ungakwane m'malo mwake.
3. Mphamvu yotsatirayo ya omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito imadutsa olamulira mozungulira momwe zingathere, zomwe zimafunikira kuti mphamvu yogwiritsira ntchito mphamvu ndi yunifolomu, yopingasa komanso yosasunthika, ndipo mphamvuyo imagwiritsidwa ntchito kupyola kozungulira kapena kufanana ndi olamulira.
4. Pewani kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu kudzera pazinthu zokugubuduza, zomwe zimafunikira kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu kudzera mphete yamkati mukamasonkhanitsa ndikutsitsa mphete yamkati (shaft ring), ndikugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu kudzera mphete yakunja mukamasonkhanitsa ndikutsitsa mphete yakunja.
(1) Mphamvu yotsatirayi ya omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito imadutsa olamulira mozungulira momwe zingathere, zomwe zimafunikira kuti malo ogwiritsira ntchito akhale ofanana, owoneka bwino komanso okhazikika, kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu kudzera pakuzungulira kapena mozungulira olamulira.
(2) Ogwiritsa ntchito akuyenera kukhala okhazikika komanso ofanana, ndipo sayenera kukhudzidwa. Izi zimafunikira kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta kapena zida zomwe zitha kuyika mavuto. Ngati kupopera nyundo kuli kofunika kwenikweni, kuyenera kudutsa pamanja lamkuwa lamkuwa. Chitsulo chosagwa chimasokonezedwa, ndipo mphamvu yake ndiyofatsa momwe angathere. Ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito ndodo yamkuwa kapena nyundo yamkuwa popopera.
(3) Pewani kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu kudzera pazinthu zomwe zikugudubuzika, zomwe zimafunikira kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu kudzera mu mphete yamkati mukamasonkhanitsa ndikuchotsa mphete yamkati (shaft ring), ndikugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu kudzera mphete yakunja mukamasonkhanitsa ndikuchotsa mphete yakunja.
(4) Mphamvu yokoka iyenera kupitilira momwe iyenera kukhalira. Mwachitsanzo, chonyamuliracho chikayikidwa, mphamvuyo iyenera kuyimitsidwa pomwe chonyamulacho chingoikidwa pamalo oyenera kuti zitsimikizire kuti kumapeto kwa mpheteyo (washer) kukugwera kumapeto kwa dzenje kapena phewa la kutsinde. Silingafinyidwe molimbika kwambiri, kapena kuyika molakwika.
1. Sichiloledwa kubowola, poyambira, chamfer, kapena nkhope yamagalimoto kumapeto kwa nthawi yopangira. Kupanda kutero, ndikosavuta kuyambitsa kupindika kwa mphete yonyamula, yomwe imakhudza kulondola ndi moyo wonyamula. Nthawi yomweyo, chitsulo choduliracho chimalowa mosavuta pantchito yonyamulirayo, ndikuthandizira kuwonongeka kwa njirayo ndi zinthu zokulungika, ndikuwononga msanga.
2. Sichiloledwa kugunda mwachindunji mphete yonyamula ndi nyundo yamanja pakukhazikitsa. Mapeto a nkhope yonyamulirayo amaikidwa pafupi ndi phewa lamkati mkati. Pamapeto pake pakujambulidwa pali kusiyanasiyana kutengera komwe kumapeto kwake kuli kojambulidwa kapena ayi. Kwa mayendedwe akuya a poyambira a mpira, mayendedwe a mpira wodziyimira payokha, mayendedwe a cylindrical wodzigudubuza, mayendedwe ozungulira odzigudubuza ndi mayendedwe a singano, kumapeto komaliza kopanda zilembo kumagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati cholembapo; Kuyanjana kwa angular Kwa mayendedwe a mpira ndi tapered roller mayendedwe, nkhope yakumapeto ndi zilembo amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati poyambira.
3. Kupanikizika kuyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kumapeto kwa mpheteyo ndikusungunuka koyenera pakukhazikitsa, ndiye kuti, ikayikidwa pa shaft, kuthamanga kuyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kumapeto kwa mphete yamkati; ikayikidwa mu dzenje lanyumba, kuthamanga kuyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kunja kwa nkhope yomaliza ya Circle. Sichiloledwa kupyola kupanikizika kudzera pazinthu zokhazokha ndikugwira.
4. Pazitsulo zokhala ndi mphete yolimba ya mkati ndi kutsekemera kwa mphete yakunja, mukakhazikitsa, mtundu wosagawikawo uyenera kukhazikitsa kaye pamtengo, kenako ndikukhazikitsa shaft limodzi ndi chonyamulira mnyumbayo dzenje la nyumba zonyamula; Kwa mtundu wosiyana, mphete zamkati ndi zakunja zitha kukhazikitsidwa padera.
5. Pofuna kuteteza kuyika kotsalira kuti kusapendekeke, mzere wapakati wa shaft ndi dzenje lonyamula liyenera kugwirizana nthawi yakukhazikitsa. Ngati kuyika sikuli kolondola, kunyamula kuyenera kutulutsidwa kumapeto kwa mphete yamkati pakukhazikitsanso pakufunika. Kaya kujambula kumayikidwa molondola kapena ayi kumakhudza mwachindunji moyo wake komanso kulondola kwa injini yayikulu. Ngati yayikidwa molakwika, kunyamula sikungokhala ndi kugwedera kokha, phokoso lalikulu, kutsika pang'ono, kutentha kwakukulu, komanso chiwopsezo chokhazikika ndi kuwotchedwa; m'malo mwake, ngati yayikidwa bwino, sizingowonetsetsa kuti ndiyolondola, komanso imakulitsa moyo wake. Chifukwa chake, pambuyo poti chinyalacho chiikidwe, chikuyenera kuyang'aniridwa.
Kusintha chilolezo cha ofananira Pakukhazikitsa ma axial clearance of tapered roller mayendedwe, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito mtedza wosintha pamagazini, chosinthira chosinthira ndi ulusi mu bowo lonyamula, kapena gwiritsani ntchito kasupe wonyengerera kuti musinthe. Kukula kwa chilolezo cha axial kumakhudzana ndi makonzedwe anyamula, mtunda pakati pa mayendedwe, ndi zinthu za shaft ndi mpando wonyamula, ndipo zimatha kutsimikizika molingana ndi momwe zinthu zikugwirira ntchito.
Pazitsulo zamagetsi zomwe zimakhala ndi katundu wambiri komanso othamanga kwambiri, mukasintha chilolezocho, zotsatira zakutentha pamalipiro a axial ziyenera kuganiziridwa, ndipo kuchepetsedwa kwa chilolezo komwe kumachitika chifukwa chakukwera kwa kutentha kuyenera kuyerekezedwa, ndiye kuti chilolezo cha axial Icho imafunika kusintha kuti ikule.
Pogwiritsa ntchito mayendedwe othamanga kwambiri komanso osanjenjemera, kuyimitsidwa kopanda chilolezo kapena kukhazikitsa koyambirira kuyenera kutengedwa. Cholinga chake ndikupanga ma roller ndi ma raceways a tapered roller mayendedwe olumikizana bwino, kugawa katundu wogawana, ndikuletsa ma roller ndi ma raceways kuti asawonongeke ndikugwedezeka komanso mphamvu. Pambuyo kusintha, kukula kwa chilolezo ofananira ndi kufufuzidwa ndi oyimba chizindikiro.